Appendix: relating to social media and identity fraud

In the context of online and mobile payments, social media and identity fraud present significant risks under Australia’s KYC regulatory framework. Here’s how KYC obligations interact with these issues:

1. Identity Fraud via Social Media Platforms

  • Modus Operandi: Criminals use social media to harvest personal data (names, DOBs, photos) to create fake or synthetic identities.
  • Regulatory Risk: If a reporting entity fails to detect a fraudulent identity during onboarding, it can be in breach of KYC obligations under the AML/CTF Act.

2. KYC Measures to Counter Identity Fraud

  • Enhanced Identity Verification: AUSTRAC encourages the use of:
    • Biometric verification (facial recognition, liveness detection),
    • Two-factor authentication (2FA),
    • Electronic verification through government databases (e.g., DVS).
  • Cross-checking Social Media Signals: While not mandated, some advanced platforms analyze social media behavior and metadata for consistency with user-provided KYC details.

3. Social Media-Linked Payment Apps

  • Apps integrated with social platforms (e.g., messaging apps offering P2P transfers) fall under AUSTRAC’s oversight if they provide designated financial services.
  • These providers must perform full KYC, even if the user was originally verified by the social media platform, due to the risk of impersonation and fake profiles.

4. High-Risk Indicators Related to Social Media

KYC teams and transaction monitoring systems are trained to flag:

  • Frequent account changes with reused or mismatched social identities,
  • IP/geolocation mismatches,
  • Use of stock photos or inconsistencies in documents (a common red flag with fraudulent social media-sourced identities),
  • Transactions involving high-risk platforms known for anonymity.

5. Obligations on Detection

When identity fraud linked to social media is suspected:

  • Suspicious Matter Reports (SMRs) must be filed with AUSTRAC immediately.
  • Entities may be required to freeze accounts and assist in law enforcement investigations.

Summary: Social media has become a vector for identity fraud, directly challenging KYC processes. Australian regulations require proactive, tech-driven identity verification and monitoring to counter this. Payment platforms must not rely on social media identities alone and should incorporate layered KYC controls.

Would you like a checklist or policy draft on how to integrate social media risk into your KYC framework?